Liquid-fuel burner



LI FUEL APPLlATIoN mlm e, 1.92 1,430,278.

Wl J. BARBER AND W. J. IRVIN.

'NEWED FEB. 8.1922.`

APatented Sept- 26, 1922.

/zA I Patented Sept. 26, i922.

MEM

WILLIAM J'. BARBER AND WILLIS J. IRVIN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNIVIENTS, TO THE BARBER OIL BURNER COMPANY.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed January 26, 1921, Serial No. 439,934. Renewed February 8, 1922. L`l Serial No. 535,090.

T0 all whom t maj] concer/rt:

Be it known that we, l/VILLIAM J. BARBER and XILLIs J. IRviN, citizens of the United States, and residents of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, State of Ohio, have jointly invented a new and useful Improvement inV Liquid-Fuel Burners, of which the followingl is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which we'have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions. v

The present improvements, relating, as indicated, to liquid fuel burners, have more particular regard to burners of this type in which both the fuel and a corresponding volume of air are supplied to the burner under pressure. tion is to provide a device of this sort in which athorough'intermixture vof the ytwo combustible ingredients is secured under varying conditions of pressure. A further object is to eliminate all possibility of an air bubble in the fuel line breaking the flow and putting the iiame out. Still another object is to render the construction extremely simple, easy to manufacture and assemble and convenient to operate.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then consists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the annexed drawing and the following description setting forth in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such disclosed means constituting, however, 'but One'of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing Fig. 1 is a central section through a burner embodying our present improvements; Fig. 2 is a transverse section thereof taken on the plane indicated by the lineA 2 2, Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a similar transverse section taken on the planev indicated by the line 3 3, Fig. 1.

In the illustrative construction illustrated in said drawing, the main body 1 of the burner, which is preferably formed out of a solid casting, has a central bore 2 extending entirely therethrough. rThe fuel is designed to ,bevsupplied to this bore at one end, and discharged therefrom, after in- The object of the inventermiXture with `air or like gaseous combustion supporting agent, from the other end. The `fuel supply connections comprise a needle valve 3, the casing 4 of which is screw-threaded into. the corresponding end of such bore 2. In order to accommodate the valve to various conditions, including the supply of different kinds of liquid fuels, the inner end of the casing which is thus received in the bore 2 is preferably provided with a replaceable nozzle 5. As has been previously indicated, the fuel will be supplied to the valve casing 4 under pressure, such pressure being the same as that of the air or other combustion supporting agent that is supplied to a companionvalve casing 6 connected with a supplemental bore orpassage 7 in a lateral extension 8 from body 1.2 This passage 7 connects with bore 2 just beyond the nozzle 5, and the remainder of such bore, save lfor its discharge end, is filled with a material 9 of such afcharacter or so arranged as to present agreat number of line, irregularly disposed interstices, through which the fuel discharged from nozzle 5, alongv with the air entering through passage 7, is obliged to pass. 'A needle valve 10 in valve casing 6 serves to con-trol the supplyk of air, as will be readily understood.

A specific form vof fillerl for bore-2, which has been found satisfactory in practice, is a cylinder made by tightly winding" up a sheet of fine mesh wire gauze until it is of the proper diameter to fill such bore (see Fig. A variety of equivalent devices or fillers constructed of other inert mineral) material will read-ily suggest themselves, it being ynoted that the body of the valve is notdirectly heated, and `that the bore in question does not constitute a vaporizing chamber such as is used in most-liquid fuel burners. l

The Vdischarge end -of4 the bore 2 is enlarged to form a chamber 12 that is closed by a cap lsave fora central orifice 14 in such cap that is centrally alignedv with the bore. Between the end of the latter and such orifice there is interposed a baille plate 15, the construction of which is best shown in Fig. 2. Such baie in other words comprises a central disk 16 of a diameter less than that of chamber 12 and provided with ribs 17 spaced about itsperiphery, and project-ing beyond its respective faces, so as to support said disk in proper position in chamber l2.

in operation, both the fuel and air line will, as previously stated, be under the same pressure. 1n order to start the burner a little air is turned on first, then a little of the fuel, whereupon the jet issuing,` through orifice le may be directly lighted. Then the oil is turned on full, and the air volume increased by opening` valve 10 until a proper flame is secured. The pressure employed need not be high, two pounds having` been found sufficient for satisfactory operation. Any kind of ordinary liquid fuel may be employed, not merely kerosene, but both heavier and lighter grades of petroleum distillates, including' crude oil itself, fuel oil, etc; also alcohol and liquid hydrocarbon fuels generally. rihe filler in the bore 2 in the main body of the burner, under the pressure of the air supplied through passage 7, serves tov effectively break up any such fuel and discharge the same into chamber 12 in finely atomized, mist-like condition, so that when the mixture finally issues through orifice lef, after passing around the baffle 15, it may, hereinbefore stated, be directly ignited. it will be obvious that no slight interruption in the flow of fuel, such as is apt to occur if a bubble of air be included in the -air line, can interrupt the operation of the burner, since there will-always be a larger or smaller body of fuel .in course of passage through the filler 9. ln actual test our burner has been found extremely economical in the use of fuel, and capable of producingmaximum temperatures.

Other modes of applying the principle of our invention may be employed instead of the one explained, vchange being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following` claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

life therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as our invention:

1. ln a burner of the character described, the combination of a bcc y having an elongated chamber filled with a material providing a multitude of fine interstices, liquid fuel and air supply lines connected with one end of such chamber and a nozzle connected with the other end thereof, said nozzle includinga baf'fie plate provided with a pluralit-y of spaced ribs about its circumference whereby said plate is supported transversely of such chamber-end.

2. ln a burner of the character described, the combination of a body having an elon l`Afated chamberfilled with a material provided with interstices forming irregular gas passageways, a fuel supply conduit connccted with said passageways, an air supply conduit communicating with said passageways above the point of entrance of said fuel supply, a baffle plate at the upper end of said chamber provided with spaced ribs about its circumference for positioning the same and permitting the passage of air in a tortuous path about its edges and a closure for the upper end of said chamber having an orifice provided centrally over said baffle plate and spaced therefrom by said rib extensions.

3. .ln burner of the character described, the combination of a body having a straight elongated atomizingv chamber, a material providing` a multitude of fine interstices, completely filling` said chamber for substantially its entire length, liquid fuel and air supply lines connected with one end of said chamber, and an apertured member associated with the other end thereof providing a restricted passageway for the dis-v charge of the combustible mixture produced by the pasage of said liquid fuel and air through said filling material.

In a burner of the character described, the combination of a body having an atomizing chamber, a closely rolled sheet of fine mesh wire gauze filling such chamber, liquid fuel and air supply lines connected with one end of such chamber, and an apertured cap connected with the other end thereof and providing a restricted passageway for the discharge of the combustible mixture produced by the passage of said liquid fuel and air through said filling material.

5. ln a burner of the character described, the combination of a body having' anatomizinp' chamber closely packed with a material prov a multitude of fine interstices, liquid fuel and air supply lines connected with one end of such chamber, a cap provided with a central orifice connected with the other end of such chamber, and a bafiie plate p yovided with peripheral apertures positioned adjacent said cap transversely of the chamber end.

o. in a burner of the character described, the combination of a body having,` an atomizing` chamber wholly filled for substantially its entire length with a material providing a multitude of fine interstices, liquid fuel and air suppl;7 lines connected with one end of such chamber, said fuel supply being' provided with a fixed orifice through which the fuel must pass in a uniform volume to such elongated chamber, and a suitable nozzle connected with the other end of such chamber.

7. ln a burner of the character described, the combination of a bot y having' an elongated chamber completely filled for substantially its entire length with a material providing a multitude of fine interstices, a liquid fuel supply line connected to the base of such chamber, a replacement nozzle at the 'discharge end of said liquid fuel supply line adjacent said filling material, an air supply line connected to deliver compressed air through said filling material adjacent its lower end, said air and gas supplies thus traversin@ together substantially the entire length of said material, and means at the upper end of said body for producing a spray of the inter-mixed fuel and air.

8. In a burner of the character described, the combination of a body having an elongated chamber completely filled for substantially its entirer length With a material providing a multitude of fine interstices, a liquid fuel supply line connected to the base of such chamber, a replacement nozzle at the discharge end of Said liquid fuel supply line adjacent said lling material, an air supply line connected to deliver compressed air through said filling material adjacent its lower end, said air and gas supplies thus traversing together substantially the entire length of said material, means at the upper end of said body for producing a spray of the intermixed fuel and air, and a stationary baffle plate interposed between said cap and such filling material.

Signed by us, this 24th day of January, 1921.

WILLIAM J. BARBER, WILLIS J. IRVIN. 

